The Different Types of Laboratory Reagents And Preservation Details

1、Flammable

Flammable liquids are volatile gas, combustible when exposed to fire, usually, the flash point of 25 ℃ below the liquid is included in the flammable category. The flash point of -4 ℃ below the petroleum enigma, chloroethane, ethyl bromide, ether, gasoline, carbon disulfide, acetal, acetone, benzene, ethyl acetate methyl acetate, and so on. The flash point between -4 ° C to 25 ° C between butanone, toluene, ethyl formate, isopropanol, xylene, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, paraformaldehyde, pyridine, and so on. These reagents require separate storage in a cool, ventilated place, the ideal storage temperature is -4 ℃ -4 ℃, and a flash point below 25 ℃ reagents stored in the highest room temperature cannot exceed 30 ℃.

2、Highly Toxic Class

The highly toxic category here refers to the reagents that can cause death by poisoning if a small amount is invaded by the digestive tract. The biological test half the lethal dose of 50mg/kg body weight or less to become highly toxic substances. Such as potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide, arsenic trioxide and other cyanides and arsenide, mercuric oxide and mercury salts, dimethyl sulfate, some alkaloids, and toxic glycosides, etc., these substances should be placed in a cool, ventilated in the isolation of acid reagents should be locked in a special drug cabinet, the establishment of a two-person registration system for the signing of the receipt of the system to establish the use of the consumption of waste disposal system, the use of this type of substances is prohibited when there are wounds in the skin.

3、Strong Corrosive Class

Human skin, mucous membranes, eyes, respiratory tract, and objects such as strong corrosive liquids and solids (including gases) of this type of substances are categorized as strong corrosive substances. For example, fuming sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming nitric acid, concentrated nitric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrobromic acid, chlorosulfuric acid, chlorosulfone, monochloroacetic acid, formic acid, acetic anhydride, phosphorus pentoxide, phosphorus chlorohydrin, anhydrous aluminum chloride, liquid bromine, hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium sulfide, phenol, anhydrous hydrazine, hydrazine hydrate. These drugs should be stored in a cool and ventilated place, separated from other drugs, and should be placed on shelves made of corrosion-resistant materials, acid-resistant cement or acid-resistant ceramics. The shelf should not be too high, do not put it on the shelf, preferably on the ground against the wall to ensure safe storage.

4、Explosive Class

This type of reagent in contact with water reaction is very violent potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, lithium aluminum chloride, calcium carbide, and so on. Potassium and sodium should be kept in kerosene, the actual itself is very easy to explode nitric fiber picric acid, trinitrotoluene, trinitrobenzene, azides or diazo, etc., to be gently held and put. Substances that can react strongly in contact with air, such as white phosphorus, should be kept in water and cut in water. Low ignition point, heat, impact, friction, or contact with oxidizing agents can be sharply combustible substances such as phosphorus sulfide, red phosphorus, magnesium powder, zinc powder, aluminum powder, naphthalene, and camphor. These substances require storage safety that does not exceed 30 ℃, and flammable materials, oxidizing agents must be isolated, the material frame with brick and cement, with grooves, grooves put fire sand, reagents placed in the sand, cover, in case of an out is not to expand the state of affairs.

5、Strong Oxidizer Class

These compounds are peroxides or oxygenated acids and their salts. Under the appropriate conditions will explode, and can be organic, magnesium, aluminum, zinc powder, sulfur, and other flammable solids to form explosive compounds. Some of these substances react violently with water. If the oxides are in contact with water there is a danger of explosion. Belonging to this category are ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, perchloric acid, potassium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, magnesium perchlorate, barium perchlorate, ammonium dichromate, potassium dichromate and other chromates, potassium permanganate and other permanganates, potassium chlorate, barium chlorate, ammonium peroxydisulfate and other peroxy disulfate, sodium peroxide, potassium peroxide, calcium peroxide, diphenyl methyl peroxide, and peroxyacetic acid. Storage requirements of cool and ventilated, the maximum temperature shall not exceed 30 ℃, with acid and wood chips, charcoal powder, sulfide, sugar and other flammable, combustible or easy to be oxidized and other isolation, pay attention to heat dissipation.

6、Radioactive Substances

General laboratory is unlikely to have radioactive substances, these substances should be placed in lead vessels, the operation of such substances requires special protective equipment and knowledge to protect personal safety, and to prevent the contamination and spread of radioactive substances.

7、Low Temperature Storage

These substances need to be stored at low temperatures to prevent polymerization and deterioration or other accidents. These substances are methyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetylene, and other polymerizable monomers, with storage temperatures below 10 ℃.

8、Valuable Class

Special reagents, ultra-pure reagents, or rare elements and compounds with high unit prices belong to this category. These reagents should be stored separately from general reagents, strengthen management, and establish a system of receiving. Common palladium black, palladium chloride, platinum chloride, platinum, iridium, platinum asbestos, gold chloride, gold powder, and rare earth elements.

9、Indicator and Organic Reagents

Indicator according to the acid-base indicator, redox indicator, complex titration indicator, and fluorescent adsorption indicator classification arrangement, organic reagents can be arranged according to the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, or according to the arrangement of functional groups.

10、General Reagents

General reagents are categorized and stored in a cool, ventilated place at a temperature of less than 30 ℃ in the cabinet. These reagents include inorganic acid and alkali salts that are not easily deteriorated, non-volatile organic substances with low ignition points. For example, silicic acid, silicates, sulfates, carbonates, hydrochloric acid, and alkali with weak alkalinity. Although the storage conditions for these substances are not very demanding, it is necessary to inspect these substances on a regular basis to ensure that the sealing of the drug is good and that it is used up within the shelf life.

(1) Reagents that deteriorate easily when exposed to light

Refers to the influence of ultraviolet light, easy to cause the reagent itself to decompose and deteriorate, or to promote the reagent and the composition of the air chemical changes in the substance. Such as nitric acid, silver nitrate, ammonium sulfide, ferrous sulfate, and so on.

(2) Reagents easily deteriorate by heat

These reagents are mostly biological products and unstable substances, in high air temperatures, decomposition, mold, and fermentation, some room temperatures are also so. Such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium carbonate, agar, and so on.

(3) Easy to freeze reagents

The melting point or freezing point of these reagents is within the temperature change, when the temperature is higher than its melting point, or down to the freezing point below, the reagent due to melting or solidification and the volume of expansion or contraction, easy to cause reagent bottles of explosions. Such as glacial acetic acid, crystal sodium sulfate, crystal sodium iodate, and aqueous solution of bromine.

(4) Easy weathering reagents

This kind of reagent itself contains a certain proportion of water of crystallization, usually crystals. At room temperature dry air (generally below 70% relative humidity) can gradually lose part or all of the water of crystallization and some become powder. It is not easy to grasp its content when used. Such as crystalline sodium carbonate, crystalline aluminum sulfate, crystalline magnesium sulfate, alum, alum, and so on.

(5) Easy deliquescent reagent

This kind of reagent is easy to absorb the moisture in the air (water) to deliquesce, deteriorate, shape change, content reduction, and even mold. Such as ferric chloride, anhydrous sodium acetate, methyl orange, agar, reduced iron powder, aluminum powder, and so on.